全文获取类型
收费全文 | 49814篇 |
免费 | 4423篇 |
国内免费 | 2103篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 2870篇 |
技术理论 | 7篇 |
综合类 | 3236篇 |
化学工业 | 8270篇 |
金属工艺 | 2966篇 |
机械仪表 | 3244篇 |
建筑科学 | 3547篇 |
矿业工程 | 1580篇 |
能源动力 | 1535篇 |
轻工业 | 3113篇 |
水利工程 | 778篇 |
石油天然气 | 3140篇 |
武器工业 | 468篇 |
无线电 | 5823篇 |
一般工业技术 | 6325篇 |
冶金工业 | 2416篇 |
原子能技术 | 714篇 |
自动化技术 | 6308篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 111篇 |
2023年 | 899篇 |
2022年 | 1304篇 |
2021年 | 2127篇 |
2020年 | 1622篇 |
2019年 | 1345篇 |
2018年 | 1532篇 |
2017年 | 1775篇 |
2016年 | 1581篇 |
2015年 | 2064篇 |
2014年 | 2662篇 |
2013年 | 3196篇 |
2012年 | 3369篇 |
2011年 | 3586篇 |
2010年 | 3020篇 |
2009年 | 2878篇 |
2008年 | 2869篇 |
2007年 | 2715篇 |
2006年 | 2622篇 |
2005年 | 2245篇 |
2004年 | 1571篇 |
2003年 | 1356篇 |
2002年 | 1353篇 |
2001年 | 1169篇 |
2000年 | 1148篇 |
1999年 | 1149篇 |
1998年 | 959篇 |
1997年 | 811篇 |
1996年 | 752篇 |
1995年 | 580篇 |
1994年 | 497篇 |
1993年 | 333篇 |
1992年 | 262篇 |
1991年 | 195篇 |
1990年 | 172篇 |
1989年 | 133篇 |
1988年 | 111篇 |
1987年 | 58篇 |
1986年 | 54篇 |
1985年 | 33篇 |
1984年 | 29篇 |
1983年 | 23篇 |
1982年 | 24篇 |
1981年 | 14篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1970年 | 2篇 |
1959年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 54 毫秒
91.
92.
分别利用金相显微镜目镜和金相分析软件手动计数测量的方式,采用截点法对均匀等轴晶粒的平均晶粒度结果测量不确定度进行评定研究,分析影响其测量不确定度的主要来源。结果表明:目镜测量平均晶粒度的平均截距值为35.7 μm,U=2.1 μm,k=2;金相分析软件测量平均晶粒度的平均截距值为35.5 μm,U=0.4 μm,k=2。金相显微镜放大倍率偏差致使试验线长度引入的不确定度分量是应用目镜测量平均晶粒度结果不确定度的主要来源;而使用金相分析软件手动测量平均晶粒度结果测量不确定度主要来源,却是由测量的晶界与试验线的交点数的不确定度分量引入的。在其他条件均相同的情况下,使用金相分析软件手动测量平均晶粒度比应用目镜直接测量平均晶粒度,更能缩小结果在相同包含概率下不确定性的范围,提高准确度。而对于均匀等轴晶粒的平均晶粒度测量,直线截点法和圆截点法对最终的不确定度的评定结果影响不大。 相似文献
93.
94.
In this work, the effects of stray alternating current (AC) on the corrosion of coated X70 pipeline steel and the delamination of 3-layer polyethylene (3PE) coatings with defects were investigated using COMSOL Multiphysics simulation, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and three-dimensional (3D) digital microscope techniques. The results showed that under the same level of AC interference, pits with deeper maximum pit depth were observed at the smaller defect areas than those at larger defect areas. It was consistent with the simulation results that a greater corrosion current density was accompanied on samples with smaller defects. According to 3D digital images, the larger delamination of 3PE coatings was found on samples with smaller defects. With the increase of current density, the impedance of samples with small defects decreased, while that of samples with large defects increased. Additionally, with the same defect size, the maximum pit depth became deeper and the corrosion was more severe. 相似文献
95.
Jiaojiao Gao Jinpeng Song Ming Lv Lei Cao Juncai Xie 《Ceramics International》2018,44(15):17895-17904
TiC0.7N0.3-HfC cermet tool materials were fabricated by hot-press sintering. Effects of different metal additives (Ni, Co, Ni-Co and Ni-Mo), sintering temperature and holding time on the microstructures and mechanical properties of TiC0.7N0.3-HfC cermets were investigated. Results showed that Ni-Mo or Ni-Co as metal additives was better for the mechanical properties of TiC0.7N0.3-HfC cermets than only Ni or only Co as the metal additives and Ni-Mo better than Ni-Co. HfC particle dispersion existed in these four cermets and only in the TiC0.7N0.3-HfC-Ni-Mo cermet the core-rim structure obviously existed. TiC0.7N0.3-HfC-Ni-Mo cermet had significantly smaller grains than the other three cermets because Ni-Mo can significantly refine the grain. With the sintering temperature increasing from 1450?°C to 1650?°C, grains grew gradually; Vickers hardness and flexural strength decreased gradually and the fracture toughness increased firstly and then decreased. With the holding time increasing from 15?min to 60?min, grains grew gradually; Vickers hardness, flexural strength and the fracture toughness increased firstly and then decreased. TiC0.7N0.3-HfC-Ni-Mo cermets sintered at 1450?°C with 30?min holding time had the better comprehensive mechanical properties with flexural strength of 1346.41?±?31?MPa, fracture toughness of 8.46?±?0.23?MPa?m1/2 and Vickers hardness of 22.91?±?0.22?GPa. 相似文献
96.
Zhuangzhuang Chai Zhengwen Yang Jianbei Qiu Jialun Zhu Zhiguo Song 《Ceramics International》2018,44(12):13757-13764
Metal nanoparticles preparation in the interior of nanoscale skeleton of inverse opals made up of crystallized matrix is more difficult than the preparation of pure inverse opals. In the present work, the Ag or Au nanoparticles embedded YbPO4:Er3+ inverse opals were prepared by a simple approach, which involved the infiltration of opal template by using the transparent YbPO4:Er3+ sol including silver nitrate or chloroauric acid and the sintering at high temperature. The 20–30?nm Au or 5–10?nm Ag nanoparticles were formed in the interior of nanoscale skeleton in the YbPO4:Er3+ inverse opals, and the Ag or Au nanoparticles embedded YbPO4:Er3+ inverse opals were prepared. The influence of Ag or Au nanoparticles on the upconversion photoluminescence of YbPO4:Er3+ inverse opal was studied, and the upconversion luminescence enhancement induced by the Ag or Au nanoparticles was observed. The mechanisms of upconversion luminescence enhancement of YbPO4:Er3+ inverse opals induced by Ag or Au nanoparticles were discussed. The enhancement of upconversion luminescence induced by Ag nanoparticles was attributed to the enhancement of the excitation field, and the enhancement of upconversion emission induced by Au nanoparticles was related to the increasing of the radiation decay rate of Er3+. 相似文献
97.
Chao Chen Bo Feng Shujuan Hu Yue Zhang Song Li Longfei Gao Xuemei Zhang Kun Yu 《Ceramics International》2018,44(1):216-224
Aluminum phosphate (AlPO4) is a promising oxidation-resistant and weak interface for ceramic-matrix composites. In this research, AlPO4 coating was deposited on mullite fibers by an improved liquid-phase method based on electrostatic attraction. A cationic polyelectrolyte, polyethylenimine (PEI), was used for surface modification of mullite fibers. The formation process, phase evolution and microstructure of the coating were studied. The zeta potential of AlPO4 particles, PEI-adsorbed AlPO4 particles, and PEI-adsorbed mullite particles was characterized to find the proper pH value for improving electrostatic attraction. The obtained AlPO4 coating was porous and continuous, whose thickness could be controlled by multiple coating cycles. The relatively low calcination temperature (600 or 1000 °C) was a useful heat treatment method to develop bonding between coating and fiber as well as reduce the fiber strength degradation. The phase transformations of AlPO4 have little volume change, and cristobalite AlPO4 is thermal compatible with mullite. Therefore, the coating structure was preserved after calcining at 1200 °C. The technique is also applicable for other fibers contained mullite phase to fabricate high-performance AlPO4 coated mullite/mullite composites. 相似文献
98.
Zhao-Hua Mo Rui Yang Song Hong Yi-Xian Wu 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2018,43(3):1790-1804
Introducing graphene into polymer matrix is an effective way to enhance performances of anion exchange membrane (AEM). However, utilizing the advantages of graphene by physical approach is limited due to the weak interface interaction between graphene and polymer matrix. Herein, we report an effective strategy to covalently bond graphene with polymer matrix to improve the interface interaction and further to improve the properties of AEM. A series of cross-linked quaternized graphene-based hybrid AEM were fabricated by covalently bonding poly (vinylbenzyl chloride) grafted graphene (GN-g-PVBC) copolymer with chloromethyl functionalized poly (styrene-b-isobutylene-b-styrene) (SIBS) through the cross-linker (N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-1,6-hexanediamine) by in-situ synthetic approach. The interface interaction between graphene and QSIBS is greatly enhanced according to micromorphology characterization of the hybrid membrane. The cross-linked quaternized hybrid AEM containing 0.55 wt% of GN-g-PVBC exhibits obviously improved dynamical mechanical properties (storage modulus: 418 MPa), ion conductivity (1.81 × 102 S cm?1), methanol barrier property (5.19 × 10?7 cm2 s?1), selectivity (3.49 × 104 S s cm?3) at 60 °C and especially a comparably excellent chemical stability to that of Nafion 115 due to the enhanced interface interaction between graphene and the polymer matrix. 相似文献
99.
Zhi-Jia Xu Song Yang Guang-Hua Hu Qing-Hui Wang Jing-Rong Li 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2018,43(9):4355-4370
A macroscopic numerical method is proposed to study the flow distribution uniformity of a novel porous copper fiber sintered felt (PCFSF), which has gradient porosities and was developed as the methanol steam reforming micro-reactor catalyst support for hydrogen production for fuel cell applications. The macroscopic porous media developed by the ANSYS/FLUENT software is used to represent the PCFSF. Our results indicate that the gradient porosity can reshape the flow distribution of PCFSFs greatly, thus producing significant influence on their performance. It is further revealed that, for a PCFSF with a determined gradient porosity configuration but different reactant feed directions, the velocity uniformity can be used as a quantitative criterion to evaluate the performance of hydrogen production. Furthermore, new gradient PCFSFs are produced according to the flow distribution of original gradient PCFSFs. The preliminary experimental results of the new gradient PCFSFs of 0.8-0.9-0.7 and 0.7-0.9-0.8 exhibit better methanol conversion and H2 flow rate. This indicates that the numerical method can be used for the optimization of PCFSFs' gradient porosity configuration, which consists of the shape and position of the interfaces between different porosity portions, the number of interfaces and the porosity distribution in different portions. 相似文献
100.
ChunFang Song Guiyi Luo Tian Sang Zhenfeng Li Wanxiu Xu G. S. V. Raghavan 《Drying Technology》2018,36(14):1678-1687
Due to the limitations of single index analysis, the merits and demerits of microwave-assisted permeation process cannot be comprehensively evaluated. However, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was applied to optimize the conditions of microwave-assisted diffusion of sugar in blackberry. In this paper, the results of a single-factor experiment were compared with blackberry preserved after the treatment of microwave. An orthogonal rotation test procedure was designed to calculate the composite score of preserved blackberry fruit using AHP, and to determine the optimum processing conditions based on sugar osmosis characteristics. The results showed that the sugar content, vitamin C (VC) content, and color difference of treated blackberry increased with the increase of microwave power, the residence time, and the resulting sugar concentration. The composite grade points are listed to show that the optimum results were as follows: power level, the residence time, and the sugar concentration were, respectively, 210?W, 12?min, and 35%. 相似文献